How does medicine really work. What changes happen in your body that end up with a result?

To understand how medicines “work” we need to define “works”.
For the few medicines that cure - less than 5% of medicines cure any disease - works equals “cures”. Medicines that cure can only cure infectious diseases, and they cure by killing or disabling the infectious agent, the bacteria, virus, fungi, or other parasite.
Over 95% of medicines make no claim to cure, and cannot cure any disease. Cured is not defined for any non-infectious disease. For these medicines, “works” is defined as “makes the patient or the doctor feel better about some improvement in the signs and symptoms of the disease - but do not cure”. Diseases that are naturally cured by health, like the common cold, influenza, and measles, are considered incurable - but are often treated with medicines that “work” but cannot cure.
How each individual medicine “works is defined and tested in a clinical study, and the results are published as a “health claim” (sic) to the government - the FDA in the USA. If the government bureaucracy approves the claim, the medicine is said to “work” on specific signs and symptoms of a specific disease.
It's a nonsense game for all non-infectious diseases and all diseases cured by health. Cured is not defined, so no medicine can cure. Most non-infectious diseases are cured by health, but - cured being not defined - those cures are not recognized when they occur.
So doctors prescribe medicines that don't cure, and get into debates about “alternative medicines” (which have not been proven in clinical studies and do not have approval of the bureaucracy), debating which medicine - conventional or alternative - “does not cure better”.
Works, for most medicines, means does not cure. But that's not all. Because cured is not defined, it is not possible to determine if a medicine moves the patient towards being cured - or farther away from being cured. We don't pay attention to “what changes happen in your body” unless it is:




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